@article{Knigge2020,

title = {Geometric morphometric analysis of growth patterns among facial types. },

author = {R Knigge and K McNulty and H Oh and A Hardin and E Leary and D Duren and M Valathan and R Sherwood},

url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0889540621003486?via%3Dihub},

doi = {10.1016/j.ajodo.2020.04.038},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-06-23},

urldate = {2021-06-23},

journal = {Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop},

volume = {160},

number = {3},

pages = {430-441},

abstract = {Extreme patterns of vertical facial divergence are of great importance to clinicians because of their association with dental malocclusion and functional problems of the orofacial complex. Understanding the growth patterns associated with vertical facial divergence is critical for clinicians to provide optimal treatment. This study evaluates and compares growth patterns from childhood to adulthood among 3 classifications of vertical facial divergence using longitudinal, lateral cephalograms from the Craniofacial Growth Consortium Study.},

keywords = {Adolescents, anterior openbite, Cranial base, craniofacial, extraction, Mandibular fixed retainer, retrospective, vertical control},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Hardin2021,

title = {Estimating craniofacial growth cessation: Comparison of asymptote- and rate-based methods},

author = {A M Hardin and R P Knigge and H Oh and et al},

url = {https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/10556656211002675},

doi = {10.1177/10556656211002675},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-05-17},

urldate = {2021-05-17},

journal = {The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal},

abstract = {To identify differences between asymptote- and rate-based methods for estimating age and size at growth cessation in linear craniofacial measurements.},

keywords = {AAOF, Cranial base, craniofacial, Discrepency Index, Mandibular fixed retainer, Mandibular remodeling, retrospective, teaching},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Turkestani2021,

title = {Clinical decision support systems in orthodontics: A narrative review of data science approaches.},

author = {N Al Turkestani and J Bianchi and R Deleat-Besson and et al},

url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ocr.12492},

doi = {10.1111/ocr.12492 },

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-05-11},

urldate = {2021-05-11},

journal = {Orthod Craniofac Res},

abstract = {Advancements in technology and data collection generated immense amounts of information from various sources such as health records, clinical examination, imaging, medical devices, as well as experimental and biological data. Proper management and analysis of these data via high-end computing solutions, artificial intelligence and machine learning approaches can assist in extracting meaningful information that enhances population health and well-being. Furthermore, the extracted knowledge can provide new avenues for modern healthcare delivery via clinical decision support systems. This manuscript presents a narrative review of data science approaches for clinical decision support systems in orthodontics. We describe the fundamental components of data science approaches including (a) Data collection, storage and management; (b) Data processing; (C) In-depth data analysis; and (d) Data communication. Then, we introduce a web-based data management platform, the Data Storage for Computation and Integration, for temporomandibular joint and dental clinical decision support systems. },

keywords = {AAOF, clinical orthodontist, Cone-beam computed tomography, Cranial base, craniofacial, hyperdivergent, malocclusion severity, mandibular asymmetry, Posttreatment, technique},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Brosset2020,

title = {3D Auto-Segmentation of Mandibular Condyles},

author = {B Serge and D Maxime and J Bianchi and R Antonio and C Lucia and Y Marilia and G Joao and C Erika and S Fabiana and P Beatriz and P Juan and N Kayvan and G Jonathan and S Reza },

url = {https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33018219/},

doi = {10.1109/EMBC44109.2020.9175692},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-07-00},

urldate = {2020-07-00},

journal = {2020 42nd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC)},

pages = {1270-1273},

abstract = {Temporomandibular joints (TMJ) like a hinge connect the jawbone to the skull. TMJ disorders could cause pain in the jaw joint and the muscles controlling jaw movement. However, the disease cannot be diagnosed until it becomes symptomatic. It has been shown that bone resorption at the condyle articular surface is already evident at initial diagnosis of TMJ Osteoarthritis (OA). Therefore, analyzing the bone structure will facilitate the disease diagnosis. The important step towards this analysis is the condyle segmentation. This article deals with a method to automatically segment the temporomandibular joint condyle out of cone beam CT (CBCT) scans. In the proposed method we denoise images and apply 3D active contour and morphological operations to segment the condyle. The experimental results show that the proposed method yields the Dice score of 0.9461 with the standards deviation of 0.0888 when it is applied on CBCT images of 95 patients. This segmentation will allow large datasets to be analyzed more efficiently towards data sciences and machine learning approaches for disease classification.},

keywords = {AAOF, Adolescents, anterior openbite, Cone-beam computed tomography, Cranial base, craniofacial, Discrepency Index, extraction, hyperdivergent, mandibular asymmetry, Mandibular fixed retainer, Mandibular remodeling, orthodontic, Peer Assessment Rating Index, Posttreatment, teaching},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Bianchi2020b,

title = {Osteoarthritis of the Temporomandibular Joint can be diagnosed earlier using biomarkers and machine learning.},

author = {Bianchi J and A C De Oliveira Ruellas and J R Goncalves and B Paniagua and J C Prieto and S Martin and Li Tengfei and Zhu Hongtu and S James and G William and B Erika and Soki Fabiana and Yatabe Marilia and Ashman Lawrence and W David and Soroushmehr Reza and N Kayvan and L H S Cevidanes },

url = {https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32415284/},

doi = {10.1038/s41598-020-64942-0},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-05-15},

urldate = {2020-05-15},

journal = {Scientific Reports},

volume = {10},

number = {1},

pages = {8012},

abstract = {After chronic low back pain, Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) disorders are the second most common musculoskeletal condition affecting 5 to 12% of the population, with an annual health cost estimated at $4 billion. Chronic disability in TMJ osteoarthritis (OA) increases with aging, and the main goal is to diagnosis before morphological degeneration occurs. Here, we address this challenge using advanced data science to capture, process and analyze 52 clinical, biological and high-resolution CBCT (radiomics) markers from TMJ OA patients and controls. We tested the diagnostic performance of four machine learning models: Logistic Regression, Random Forest, LightGBM, XGBoost. Headaches, Range of mouth opening without pain, Energy, Haralick Correlation, Entropy and interactions of TGF-β1 in Saliva and Headaches, VE-cadherin in Serum and Angiogenin in Saliva, VE-cadherin in Saliva and Headaches, PA1 in Saliva and Headaches, PA1 in Saliva and Range of mouth opening without pain; Gender and Muscle Soreness; Short Run Low Grey Level Emphasis and Headaches, Inverse Difference Moment and Trabecular Separation accurately diagnose early stages of this clinical condition. Our results show the XGBoost + LightGBM model with these features and interactions achieves the accuracy of 0.823, AUC 0.870, and F1-score 0.823 to diagnose the TMJ OA status. Thus, we expect to boost future studies into osteoarthritis patient-specific therapeutic interventions, and thereby improve the health of articular joints.},

keywords = {AAOF, Cone-beam computed tomography, Cranial base, craniofacial, hyperdivergent, Mandibular fixed retainer, Peer Assessment Rating Index, Posttreatment, technique, vertical control, x-ray},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Hardin2020,

title = {Clinical implications of age-related change of the mandibular plane angle. },

author = {A Hardin and M Valiathan and H Oh and R Knigge and K McNulty and E Leary and D Duren and R Sherwood},

url = {https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31465622/},

doi = {10.1111/ocr.12342},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-02-23},

urldate = {2020-02-23},

journal = {Orthod Craniofac Res},

volume = {1},

pages = {50-58},

abstract = {To identify trajectories of ontogenetic change in the mandibular plane angle (MPA) and to describe the influence of sex and other factors on MPA during growth.},

keywords = {Adolescents, Cone-beam computed tomography, Cranial base, craniofacial, fixed appliances, Growth, hyperdivergent, malocclusion severity, Mandibular fixed retainer, vertical control},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Garnett2019,

title = {Cephalometric comparison of adult anterior open bite treatment using clear aligners and fixed appliances.},

author = {B Garnett and K Mahod and M Nguyen and A Al-Khateeb and S Liu and R Boyd and H Oh},

url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8137127/},

doi = {10.2319/010418-4.1},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-00},

journal = {Angle Orthodontist},

volume = {89},

number = {1},

pages = {3-9},

abstract = {To compare fixed appliances and clear aligner therapy in correcting anterior open bite and in controlling the vertical dimension in adult patients with hyperdivergent skeletal patterns.},

keywords = {AAOF, Cone-beam computed tomography, Cranial base, craniofacial, Discrepency Index, extraction, fixed appliances, hyperdivergent, mandibular asymmetry, Mandibular fixed retainer, Mandibular remodeling, mapping, open bite, Peer Assessment Rating Index, Posttreatment, research, x-ray},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Bianchi2017,

title = {Effect of temporomandibular joint articular disc repositioning on anterior open-bite malocclusion: An orthodontic-surgical approach},

author = {Bianchi J and S P Ary Dos and I Jaqueline and P O R Daniel and R G Joao },

url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0889540617306121},

doi = {10.1016/j.ajodo.2016.09.032},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-12-00},

urldate = {2017-12-00},

journal = {Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop},

volume = {152},

number = {6},

pages = {848-858},

abstract = {An anterior open bite is a challenge to orthodontic treatment; it has a multifactorial etiology and a wide range ofintervention options. Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders are a risk factor for the development of malocclu-sions such as the anterior open bite, especially in patients who have TMJ osteoarthritis with disc displacement.Articular disc repositioning surgery is an available option for treating this pathology, and it contributes to main-taining the condyles in a more stable position. The aim of this article was to report the case of a 20-year-oldwoman diagnosed with anterior open bite and TMJ osteoarthritis with bilateral disc displacement. The patientreceived both orthodontic treatment and TMJ disc repositioning surgery. Cone-beam computed tomographywas used to create 3-dimensional models of the condyles with regional superposition, and assessment ofbone remodeling was performed at different time intervals. Complete orthodontic and surgical treatment timewas approximately 12 months. The results provided a stable correction of the patient's anterior open bite witha 2-year follow-up and favorable bone remodeling of the condyles due to functional improvement of the TMJ.(Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2017;152:848-58)},

keywords = {AAOF, Cone-beam computed tomography, Cranial base, craniofacial, Discrepency Index, hyperdivergent, Mandibular fixed retainer, Mandibular remodeling, orthodontic, retrospective, teaching, vertical control},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Oh2017,

title = {A retrospective study of Class II mixed-dentition treatment. },

author = {H Oh and S Baumrind and S Dugoni and R Boero and M Aubert and R Boyd},

url = {https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27391205/},

doi = {10.2319/012616-72.1},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-00},

journal = {Angle Orthodontist},

volume = {87},

number = {1},

pages = {56-67},

abstract = {To consider the effectiveness of early treatment using one mixed-dentition approach to the correction of moderate and severe Class II malocclusions.},

keywords = {AAOF, clinical orthodontist, Cone-beam computed tomography, Cranial base, craniofacial, Discrepency Index, Growth, hyperdivergent, malocclusion severity, Mandibular fixed retainer, Mandibular remodeling, mapping, technique, vertical control, x-ray},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Baumrind2011,

title = {The AAOF craniofacial growth legacy collection:  A powerful new tool for orthodontic teaching and research},

author = { Sheldon Baumrind and Sean Curry},

url = {http://162.214.24.32/~crilorg/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/AAOF-Collection-Mich-Monographs-S.BaumrindS.Curry_.pdf},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

journal = {AAOF Craniofacial Growth Legacy Collection},

pages = {297-318},

abstract = {This chapter reports and illustrates a multi-institutional project that uses the capabilities of cloud computing and the Internet to collect and share craniofacial images and numerical data of  importance to orthodontic education and research. The project will provide interested investigators all over the world with near instantaneous access to longitudinal information on the spontaneous craniofacial growth of untreated children with various kinds of malocclusion. The collection will facilitate investigations on the spontaneous course of development in children with malocclusions of different types. In addition, the AAOF Legacy Collection constitutes a unique source of control samples for testing the validity of consensually accepted beliefs about the effects of orthodontic treatment.},

keywords = {AAOF, craniofacial, Legacy Collection, orthodontic, research, teaching},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Liu2009,

title = {Comparison of Chinese and U.S. Orthodontists' Averaged Evaluations of "Facial Attractiveness" from End-of-Treatment Facial Photographs. },

author = {Y Lui and EL Korn and HS Oh and H Pearson and T-M Xu and S Baumrind},

url = {https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19409345/},

doi = {10.1016/j.ajodo.2007.04.039},

year  = {2009},

date = {2009-05-00},

journal = {American Journal of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics},

volume = {135},

number = {5},

pages = {621-34},

abstract = {This study continues our assessment of agreement and disagreement among 25 Chinese and 20 US orthodontists in the ranking for facial attractiveness of end-of-treatment photographs of randomly sampled growing Chinese and white orthodontic patients. The main aims of this article were to (1) measure the overall pattern of agreement between the mean rankings of US and Chinese orthodontists, and (2) measure the strength of agreement between the rankings of the US and Chinese orthodontists for each patient.},

keywords = {AAOF, Adolescents, Cone-beam computed tomography, Cranial base, craniofacial, Discrepency Index, Growth, hyperdivergent, Mandibular fixed retainer, Mandibular remodeling, technique, vertical control, x-ray},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Lee2001,

title = {Prenatal development of the human mandible. },

author = {Lee SK and Kim YS and Oh HS and Yang KH and Kim EC and Chi JG},

url = {https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11455541/},

doi = {10.1002/ar.1110},

year  = {2001},

date = {2001-07-01},

journal = {The Anatomical Record},

volume = {263},

number = {3},

pages = {314-25},

abstract = {In an effort to better understand the interrelationship of the growth and development pattern of the mandible and condyle, a sequential growth pattern of human mandibles in 38 embryos and 111 fetuses were examined by serial histological sections and soft X-ray views. The basic growth pattern of the mandibular body and condyle appeared in week 7 of fertilization. Histologically, the embryonal mandible originated from primary intramembranous ossification in the fibrous mesenchymal tissue around the Meckel cartilage. From this initial ossification, the ramifying trabecular bones developed forward, backward and upward, to form the symphysis, mandibular body, and coronoid process, respectively. We named this initial ossification site of embryonal mandible as the mandibular primary growth center (MdPGC). During week 8 of fertilization, the trabecular bone of the mandibular body grew rapidly to form muscular attachments to the masseter, temporalis, and pterygoid muscles. The mandible was then rapidly separated from the Meckel cartilage and formed a condyle blastema at the posterior end of linear mandibular trabeculae. The condyle blastema, attached to the upper part of pterygoid muscle, grew backward and upward and concurrent endochondral ossification resulted in the formation of the condyle. From week 14 of fertilization, the growth of conical structure of condyle became apparent on histological and radiological examinations. The mandibular body showed a conspicuous radiating trabecular growth pattern centered at the MdPGC, located around the apical area of deciduous first molar. The condyle growth showed characteristic conical structure and abundant hematopoietic tissue in the marrow. The growth of the proximal end of condyle was also approximated to the MdPGC on radiograms. Taken together, we hypothesized that the MdPGC has an important morphogenetic affect for the development of the human mandible, providing a growth center for the trabecular bone of mandibular body and also indicating the initial growth of endochondral ossification of the condyle.},

keywords = {adult, anterior openbite, clear aligners, clinical orthodontist, Cone-beam computed tomography, craniofacial, Discrepency Index, hyperdivergent, Mandibular fixed retainer, Posttreatment, pressure tension},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Baumrind1971,

title = {A system for craniofacial mapping through the integration of data from stereo x-ray films and stereo photographs},

author = {Sheldon Baumrind},

url = {http://162.214.24.32/~crilorg/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/A-system-for-craniofacial-mapping-through-the-integration-of-data-from-stereo-x-ray-films-and-stereo-photographs.pdf},

year  = {1971},

date = {1971-01-01},

abstract = {Sheldon Baumrind is Associate Professor of Orthodontics at the Uni versity of California, San

Francisco, where he is in charge of research activities in the Division of Orthodontics. He

received his BS and DDS degrees from New York University and his MS degree from the

University of Oregon. His primary interest is in the development and application of new

instrumentation for craniofacial measurement and in the quantitative evaluation of the effects of

orthodontic treatment. Since 1968 he has been involved in studies on the reliability of

measurement on skull X-ray films, on the development of computer-aided methods for analysing

craniofacial data and, (in association with F. H. Moffitt, Professor of Engineering, Unive rsity of

California, Berkeley), on the development of quantitative stereo-radiographic and

stereo-photographic techniques for use in craniofacial research. These studies are supported by

Grants #DE03598 and #DE03703 from the National Institute for Dental Research, N.I.H.},

keywords = {craniofacial, mapping, photographs, x-ray},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Bussolaro2019,

title = {Pharyngeal dimensional changes in class II malocclusion treatment when using Forsus® or intermaxillary elastics - An exploratory study.},

author = {Thereza-Bussolaro C and Oh HS and Lagravere M and Flores-Mir C },

url = {https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31492602/},

doi = {10.1016/j.ortho.2019.08.023},

journal = {Int Orthod},

volume = {17},

number = {4},

pages = {667-677},

abstract = {Pharyngeal airway obstruction can facilitate some forms of sleep disorder breathing (SDB) in susceptible children, especially in those having class II malocclusion. Changes in the anatomic areas surrounding the pharyngeal region during orthodontic treatment could hypothetically impact the pharyngeal airway dimensions. Management of a class II malocclusion on a growing individual with either intermaxillary elastics or different removable or fixed class II appliance designs have been proposed over the last century. The objective of this retrospective exploratory cohort study is to investigate to what extent the class II malocclusion treatment with either intermaxillary elastics (IME) or Forsus® fatigue resistance device (FFRD) leads to changes in oropharyngeal airway dimensions.},

keywords = {AAOF, adult, clear aligners, Cone-beam computed tomography, Cranial base, craniofacial, Mandibular fixed retainer, Mandibular remodeling, Peer Assessment Rating Index, pressure tension, research, teaching, technique, vertical control},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}