@article{Bianchi2023l,

title = {Automated artificial intelligence‐based three‐dimensional comparison of orthodontic treatment outcomes with and without piezocision surgery.},

author = {Gurgel M and Alvarez M.A and Aristizabal J.F and Baquero B and Gillot M and Al Turkestani N and et al},

url = {https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38009409/},

doi = {10.1111/ocr.12737},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-11-27},

journal = {Orthod Craniofac Res},

abstract = {Objective(s): This study aims to evaluate the influence of the piezocision surgery in the orthodontic biomechanics, as well as in the magnitude and direction of tooth movement in the mandibular arch using novel artificial intelligence (AI)-automated tools.



Materials and methods: Nineteen patients, who had piezocision performed in the lower arch at the beginning of treatment with the goal of accelerating tooth movement, were compared to 19 patients who did not receive piezocision. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and intraoral scans (IOS) were acquired before and after orthodontic treatment. AI-automated dental tools were used to segment and locate landmarks in dental crowns from IOS and root canals from CBCT scans to quantify 3D tooth movement. Differences in mesial-distal, buccolingual, intrusion and extrusion linear movements, as well as tooth long axis angulation and rotation were compared.



Results: The treatment time for the control and experimental groups were 13.2 ± 5.06 and 13 ± 5.52 months respectively (P = .176). Overall, anterior and posterior tooth movement presented similar 3D linear and angular changes in the groups. The piezocision group demonstrated greater (P = .01) mesial long axis angulation of lower right first premolar (4.4 ± 6°) compared with control group (0.02 ± 4.9°), while the mesial rotation was significantly smaller (P = .008) in the experimental group (0.5 ± 7.8°) than in the control (8.5 ± 9.8°) considering the same tooth.



Conclusion: The open source-automated dental tools facilitated the clinicians' assessment of piezocision treatment outcomes. The piezocision surgery prior to the orthodontic treatment did not decrease the treatment time and did not influence in the orthodontic biomechanics, leading to similar tooth movements compared to conventional treatment.},

keywords = {computer-assisted, Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), Damon system, Dental long axis, Image processing, imaging, self-ligating braces, three-dimensional},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Bianchi2023d,

title = {Three-dimensional decision support system for treatment of canine impaction.},

author = {Keener DJ and de Oliveria Ruellas A.C and Aron Aliaga Del Castillo and Arriola-Guillen LE and Bianchi J and Oh H and et al},

url = {https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37037759/},

doi = {10.1016/j.ajodo.2023.02.016},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-10-01},

journal = {Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop},

volume = {164},

issue = {4},

pages = {491-504},

abstract = {Introduction: This study aimed to develop a 3-dimensional (3D) characterization of the severity of maxillary impacted canines and to test the clinical performance of this characterization as a treatment decision support tool.



Methods: Cone-beam computed tomography images obtained from 83 patients with 120 impacted maxillary canines were included. Quantitative information on the canine 3D position and qualitative assessment of root damage of adjacent teeth were evaluated. A severity index was constructed on the basis of the quantitative findings. Clinical applicability was tested by comparing clinical diagnosis and treatment planning for conventional records vs the 3D characterization via a 2-part survey.



Results: The average quantitative assessments of impacted maxillary canine position were 6.4 ± 3.6 mm from the midsagittal plane, 11.6 ± 3.1 mm in height relative to the occlusal plane, 31.5° ± 18° of roll, and 48.8° ± 14.3° of pitch. The severity index ranged from 0-13 with a mean score of 4.5 ± 2.2. Overlap with adjacent teeth was the greatest contributor (33%) to the index. Bicortically impacted canines caused the most severe root damage. Cone-beam computed tomography was preferred for assessing root damage and overall severity, whereas conventional imaging was sufficient for height and angulation assessment. The 3D report was very important or important for evaluating root damage, canine position, overall severity, and overlap. The 3D report changed most of the decisions relating to biomechanics, patient education, and treatment time estimate. The decision of exposure and traction vs extraction was changed 22% of the time after the presentation of the 3D report.



Conclusions: The overlap with adjacent teeth frequently contributes the most to the severity index. The 3D report provided relevant clinical information regarding the canine position, damage to adjacent teeth, and the severity index, with a profound impact on the decisions of the clinicians regarding biomechanics, patient education, and treatment time estimate.},

keywords = {canine impaction, Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), three-dimensional},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Bianchi2023f,

title = {Artificial intelligence applications in orthodontics. },

author = {Miranda F and Barone S and Gillot M and Baquero B and Anchling L and Hutlin B and et al},

url = {https://doi.org/10.1080/19424396.2023.2195585},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-04-13},

urldate = {2023-04-13},

journal = {Journal of the California Dental Association },

volume = {51},

issue = {1},

abstract = {Objective

This manuscript describes strategies for assessment of precision of several diagnostic artificial intelligence (AI) tools in orthodontics, available open-source image analysis platforms, as well as the use of three-dimensional (3D) surface models and superimpositions.



Results

The advances described in this manuscript present perspectives on the controversies of whether AI is smarter than clinicians and may replace human clinical decisions. A thorough orthodontic diagnosis requires comprehensive 3D analysis of the interrelationships among the dentition, craniofacial skeleton and soft tissues. Forecasts have indicated that 3D printing technology will provide more than 60% of all dental treatment needs by 2025, and orthodontic companies as well as remote monitoring companies are already using AI technology, being it essential that the clinicians are prepared and knowledgeable with the technology advances now available.



Conclusions

The AI applications in orthodontics rely on the implementation into diagnostic image records, data analysis for clinical practice and research applications. Continuous training and validation of the AI orthodontic image tools are essential for improving the performance and generalizability of these methods.},

keywords = {artificial intelligence, imaging, orthodontics, three-dimensional},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Bianchi2023b,

title = {Clear aligner mandibular advancement in growing patients with Class II malocclusion.},

author = {Gurgel ML and de Oliveria Ruellas A.C and Bianchi J and McNamara JA and Tai S and Franchi L and et al.},

url = {https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37636594/},

doi = {10.1016/j.xaor.2023.01.003},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-04-03},

journal = {AJO DO Clin Companion},

volume = {3},

issue = {2},

pages = {93-109},

abstract = {Treatment effects occurring during Class II malocclusion treatment with the clear aligner mandibular advancement protocol were evaluated in two growing patients: one male (12 years, 3 months) and one female (11 years, 9 months). Both patients presented with full cusp Class II molar and canine relationships. Intraoral scans and cone-beam computed tomography were acquired before treatment and after mandibular advancement. Three-dimensional skeletal and dental long-axis changes were quantified, in which the dental long axis was determined by registering the dental crowns obtained from intraoral scans to the root canals in cone-beam computed tomography scans obtained at the same time points. Class II correction was achieved by a combination of mandibular skeletal and dental changes. A similar direction of skeletal and dental changes was observed in both patients, with downward and forward displacement of the mandible resulting from the growth of the mandibular condyle and ramus. Dental changes in both patients included mesialization of the mandibular posterior teeth with flaring of mandibular anterior teeth. In these two patients, clear aligner mandibular advancement was an effective treatment modality for Class II malocclusion correction with skeletal and dental effects and facial profile improvement.},

keywords = {Class II malocclusion, clear aligners, growing patients, three-dimensional},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Bianchi2018,

title = {Three-dimensional stability analysis of maxillomandibular advancement surgery with and without articular disc repositioning},

author = {Bianchi J and M P Guilherme and K Leonardo and I Jaqueline and M W Larry and R G Joao },

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-08-00},

urldate = {2018-08-00},

journal = {J Craniomaxillofacial Surgery},

volume = {46},

number = {8},

pages = {1348-1354},

abstract = {This retrospective cohort study aimed to assess, three-dimensionally, mandible and maxilla changes following maxillomandibular advancement (MMA), with and without repositioning of TMJ articular discs. The sample comprised cone-beam computed tomography data from 32 subjects: group 1 (n = 12) without disc displacement and group 2 (n = 20) with bilateral disc repositioning. An automatic cranial base superimposition method was used to register the images at three time points: T1 (preoperative), T2 (postoperative), and T3 (at least 11 months follow-up). To assess surgical changes (T2-T1) and adaptive responses (T3-T2), the images were compared quantitatively and qualitatively using the shape correspondence method. The results showed that surgical displacements were similar in both groups for all the regions of interest except the condyles, which moved in opposite directions - group 1 to superior and posterior positions, and group 2 to inferior and anterior positions. For adaptive responses, we observed high individual variability, with lower variability in group 2. Sagittal relapse was similar in both groups. In conclusion, there were no significant differences in skeletal stability between the two groups. The maxillomandibular advancement surgeries, with rotation of the occlusal plane, had stable results for both groups immediately after surgery and at 1-year follow-up.},

keywords = {Cone-beam computed tomography, imaging, Orthognathic Surgery, Temporomandibular Joint Disc, three-dimensional},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}